Contents

Characteristics and classification of living organisms

Organisation of the organism

Cells under the microscope

Movement into and out of cells

Biological molecules

Food tests

Enzymes

Enzymes

Plant nutrition

Human nutrition

Transport in plants

Transport in animals

Diseases and immunity

Pathogens and disease spreadBeing prepared
Immunity and vaccinationBeing prepared

Gas exchange in humans

Gas exchange and breathing

Respiration

Respiration

Excretion in humans

Excretion and the kidneys

Coordination and response

Drugs

Antibiotics

Reproduction

Asexual and sexual reproductionBeing prepared
Flowers and pollinationBeing prepared
Fertilisation and germinationBeing prepared
Human reproductionBeing prepared
Puberty and the menstrual cycleBeing prepared
Sexually transmitted infectionsBeing prepared

Inheritance

Chromosomes, genes and allelesBeing prepared
From gene to proteinBeing prepared
Mitosis and meiosisBeing prepared
Monohybrid crossesBeing prepared
Family trees, blood groups and sex linkageBeing prepared

Variation and selection

Variation and mutationBeing prepared
Adaptation and selectionBeing prepared

Organisms and their environment

Food chains and websBeing prepared
Ecological pyramids and energyBeing prepared
Energy flow and nutrient cyclesBeing prepared
PopulationsBeing prepared

Human influences on ecosystems

Food supply and habitat lossBeing prepared
PollutionBeing prepared
ConservationBeing prepared

Biotechnology and genetic modification

BiotechnologyBeing prepared
Genetic modificationBeing prepared

Part 2 of 3

Page 02

Capillaries

describe

Try it yourself

Which statement describes a capillary?

describe: give the features or what happens.

Choose one answera.a thin muscular wall and a wide lumen with valvesb.a wall one cell thick and a lumen about one red blood cell widec.a thick elastic wall and a narrow lumend.a wall one cell thick and a lumen wider than an artery's

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Scope and sources

Cambridge IGCSE Biology 0610 · 2026–2028 v3 · Original learning materials.

Blood vessels (9.3.1–9.3.6): the structure of arteries, veins and capillaries (relative thickness of the wall, diameter of the lumen, valves in veins), the functions of capillaries and the main blood vessels to and from the heart, lungs and kidneys; for the Supplement, how the structure of arteries and veins relates to the pressure of their blood, how the structure of capillaries relates to their functions, and the vessels to and from the liver. The heart itself is in “The heart and double circulation” and the blood’s cells and plasma are in “Blood”; lymph is not covered.

Apparatus, amounts and times in the experiment are illustrative. Real practical work follows a teacher-approved safety method.

Official Cambridge syllabus