Contents

Motion, forces and energy

Thermal physics

Waves

Electricity and magnetism

Magnets and magnetic fields
Static electricity and electric fieldsBeing prepared
Current and circuit diagramsBeing prepared
Voltage and resistanceBeing prepared
Series and parallel circuitsBeing prepared
Sensors and potential dividersBeing prepared
Electricity at homeBeing prepared
ElectromagnetsBeing prepared
The motor effectBeing prepared
Generators and inductionBeing prepared
Transformers and the gridBeing prepared

Nuclear physics

Inside the nucleusBeing prepared
Ionising radiation and safetyBeing prepared
Radioactive decay and half-lifeBeing prepared

Space physics

Earth, Sun and MoonBeing prepared
The Solar System and orbitsBeing prepared
Stars and their life cycleBeing prepared
The expanding UniverseBeing prepared

Part 3 of 3

Page 03

Temperature and absolute zero

identify / explain

Try it yourself

Two identical sealed flasks each hold the same mass of nitrogen. Flask P is at 30 °C, and flask Q is at 70 °C. Which statement about the nitrogen molecules is correct? Then explain your choice.

identify: name or select. explain: give reasons and connect them to evidence.

Choose one answera.Every single molecule in Q is moving faster than every one in Pb.On average Q’s are faster, though some in P are faster than some in Qc.The molecules in Q have grown bigger, so they carry more kinetic energyd.Q has more molecules in it, so each one has more kinetic energy

Why?

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Scope and sources

Cambridge IGCSE Physics 0625 · 2026–2028 v2 · Original learning materials.

The distinguishing properties of solids, liquids and gases and the terms for the changes of state (2.1.1.1, 2.1.1.2); the arrangement, separation and motion of particles in each state, with simple particle diagrams (2.1.2.1); the motion of particles and temperature, with absolute zero, −273 °C, where the particles have least kinetic energy (2.1.2.2); the random motion of microscopic particles in a suspension as evidence for the kinetic particle model (2.1.2.4) and its explanation by random collisions (2.1.2.5); how forces and distances between particles and their motion affect the properties of solids, liquids and gases (2.1.2.6); microscopic particles moved by collisions with light, fast-moving molecules, and the terms atoms or molecules as distinct from microscopic particles (2.1.2.8). Gas pressure and the kelvin scale are in the module on gas pressure; melting, boiling and evaporation in their own module.

Apparatus, amounts and times in the experiment are illustrative. Real practical work follows a teacher-approved safety method.

Official Cambridge syllabus