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state / describe / explain
Recall and explain
Answer from memory. (a) State one property that a liquid and a gas both have, and one property that a liquid has but a gas does not. (b) A bar of chocolate left in a hot car turns soft and runny. State the name of this change of state, and describe what happens to the arrangement and the motion of its particles. (c) Supplement. A metal key and the neon gas in a glowing sign tube are both at room temperature. The key keeps its shape, but the neon spreads out to fill its tube. State the particles that each is made of, and explain the difference in terms of the forces and distances between the particles.
state: give a concise answer. describe: give the features or what happens. explain: give reasons and connect them to evidence.
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Scope and sources
Cambridge IGCSE Physics 0625 · 2026–2028 v2 · Original learning materials.
The distinguishing properties of solids, liquids and gases and the terms for the changes of state (2.1.1.1, 2.1.1.2); the arrangement, separation and motion of particles in each state, with simple particle diagrams (2.1.2.1); the motion of particles and temperature, with absolute zero, −273 °C, where the particles have least kinetic energy (2.1.2.2); the random motion of microscopic particles in a suspension as evidence for the kinetic particle model (2.1.2.4) and its explanation by random collisions (2.1.2.5); how forces and distances between particles and their motion affect the properties of solids, liquids and gases (2.1.2.6); microscopic particles moved by collisions with light, fast-moving molecules, and the terms atoms or molecules as distinct from microscopic particles (2.1.2.8). Gas pressure and the kelvin scale are in the module on gas pressure; melting, boiling and evaporation in their own module.
Apparatus, amounts and times in the experiment are illustrative. Real practical work follows a teacher-approved safety method.
Official Cambridge syllabus