Contents
Independent final check
Explain without the key
define / determine / describe
Final check
(a) Define the normal at a mirror. (b) Define the angle of incidence. (c) After reflecting off a plane mirror, a ray of light makes an angle of 53° with the surface of the mirror. Determine the angle of incidence. (d) Supplement. The reflected ray in (c) travels on to a second plane mirror, which is parallel to the first and faces it. Determine the angle of incidence at the second mirror. (e) Supplement. Describe the direction of the ray that leaves the second mirror, compared with the ray that hit the first mirror.
define: give the precise meaning. determine: find the answer from the information given. describe: give the features or what happens.
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Scope and sources
Cambridge IGCSE Physics 0625 · 2026–2028 v2 · Original learning materials.
The normal, the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection (3.2.1.1); the image in a plane mirror: same size, as far behind the mirror as the object is in front, and virtual (3.2.1.2); the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection (3.2.1.3); Supplement: simple constructions, measurements and calculations for reflection by plane mirrors (3.2.1.4). Reflection of water waves is in Waves in a ripple tank, refraction in Refraction and total internal reflection; curved mirrors are not in this syllabus.
Apparatus, amounts and times in the experiment are illustrative. Real practical work follows a teacher-approved safety method.
Official Cambridge syllabus