The heart and double circulation — return questions

1. identify

Which row is correct for the coronary arteries?

Circle one answer.

• A
• B
• C
• D

2. state

Which statement about arteries and veins is correct?

Circle one answer.

• Arteries carry oxygenated blood; veins carry deoxygenated blood.
• Arteries carry blood away from the heart; veins carry blood back to it.
• Veins carry blood away from the heart; arteries carry blood back to it.
• Arteries carry blood to the lungs; veins carry blood to the rest of the body.

3. identify

A total artificial heart is a plastic pump with four valves. Surgeons take out the patient's own heart and join the artificial one to the patient's blood vessels. Which row gives the job of each part of the patient's circulatory system now?

Circle one answer.

• A
• B
• C
• D

4. identify

Supplement. In one person, some blood flows back from the right ventricle into the right atrium each time the ventricles contract. Which valve is not shutting properly?

Circle one answer.

• the atrioventricular valve of the right side
• the semilunar valve of the left side
• the semilunar valve of the right side
• the atrioventricular valve of the left side

5. describe

Supplement. Which describes what happens when the atria contract?

Circle one answer.

• The atrioventricular valves shut, and the blood flows back into the veins.
• The atria push blood into the ventricles; the semilunar valves stay shut.
• The atria push blood straight into the aorta and the pulmonary artery.
• The atria and the ventricles contract together, and all the valves open.

6. explain

Supplement. (a) The table shows the wall thickness and the highest pressure of two chambers of a sheep's heart. Explain the difference between their walls, using the data. (b) A pupil writes: "The septum has small holes, so that blood can pass from the right ventricle to the left ventricle." Explain why this statement is incorrect.

(a) The two walls

(b) The septum

7. classify

Supplement. A mammal has a double circulation. Match each part to the circulation it belongs to: the pulmonary circulation or the systemic circulation.

Write the number of the matching option.

1. the systemic circulation
2. the pulmonary circulation

• the coronary arteries: ______
• the capillaries around the air sacs: ______
• the vessel from the lungs to the left atrium: ______
• the artery to the liver: ______
• the vessel out of the right ventricle: ______
• the veins from the legs: ______

8. describe

Supplement. Which describes the circulation of a fish?

Circle one answer.

• heart → body → gills → heart: a single circulation
• heart → gills → heart → body → heart: a double circulation
• heart → gills → body → heart: a double circulation
• heart → gills → body → heart: a single circulation

9. explain

Supplement. Which statement explains why it is an advantage that the right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs at a lower pressure than the left ventricle pumps blood to the body?

Circle one answer.

• A lower pressure makes the blood flow faster through the capillaries of the lungs.
• The right ventricle has a thinner wall, so it cannot make a higher pressure.
• The lungs need far less blood each minute than the rest of the body does.
• The thin-walled capillaries of the lungs could be damaged by a higher pressure.