Pupil sheet · Gas exchange and breathing
Gas exchange and breathing — return questions
Name ______________________ Date ____________
Use one to two weeks after the lessons. Keep the notes and the lesson closed.
1. state
State the solution used to compare the carbon dioxide in inspired and expired air, and state the change you see when carbon dioxide bubbles through it.
(a) The solution
(b) The change
2. describe
Describe three differences between the composition of inspired air and expired air.
(a) First difference
(b) Second difference
(c) Third difference
3. explain
Supplement. The air in an aeroplane cabin is very dry. On a long flight, passengers lose more water by breathing than they do at home. Explain why.
4. state
State the two tubes that the trachea divides into, and the smaller tubes inside the lungs that they branch into.
(a) The two tubes
(b) The smaller tubes
5. state
State the four features of a gas exchange surface in humans.
6. state
Supplement. (a) State what the external intercostal muscles do when they contract. (b) State the function of the cartilage in the trachea.
(a) External intercostal muscles
(b) Cartilage
7. describe
Supplement. Describe how goblet cells and ciliated cells protect the breathing system from pathogens and particles.
8. identify
Supplement. Which row is correct for breathing out hard (forced expiration), for example when you blow up a balloon?
| Row | Intercostal muscles that contract | Ribs move | Volume of the thorax | Pressure in the thorax |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | external | down and in | decreases | rises above atmospheric pressure |
| B | internal | down and in | decreases | rises above atmospheric pressure |
| C | internal | down and in | increases | falls below atmospheric pressure |
| D | external | up and out | increases | falls below atmospheric pressure |
Circle one answer.
- A
- B
- C
- D
9. state
State the effect of physical activity on the rate and depth of breathing.
Circle one answer.
- The rate increases; the depth stays the same.
- The depth increases; the rate stays the same.
- Both the rate and the depth decrease.
- Both the rate and the depth increase.
10. explain
Supplement. Explain how the body makes breathing faster and deeper during exercise.