Transpiration

The distances come from a teaching model of typical results, not from a real shoot. Real shoots differ in size and in the number of leaves and stomata, so their rates differ. The rate is in millimetres of the narrow tube per minute: without the width of the tube it is not a volume.

A potometer measures the water the shoot takes up. Nearly all of it is lost by transpiration, so uptake is a good estimate of transpiration, not exactly the same.

Time runs much faster than real time: each 2-minute run and each 5 minutes to settle pass in a few seconds. Between steps the model waits, and the bubble stays where it is while you read.

With reduced motion each step is drawn complete at once.